《上博简〈三德〉｜楚国精英的“不作死，就不会死”教战手册》
《上博简〈三德〉》并不提供抽象的哲学，而是一份来自楚国的风险提示书，记录一个体系在走向崩溃前最容易出现的三种失稳方式。本文采用一种更贴近现代读者的视角，将“德”理解为系统的“守住能力”：一个组织最终能保住什么，往往取决于它不越界什么。从节奏错乱、能量透支，到关系断裂，这三条底线构成了楚文明留给后世的生存框架。两千多年过去，这份手册仍然锋利，因为人类的自毁模式从未改变。Three Virtues is not a philosophical treatise but a risk alert from the state of Chu—a record of the three patterns through which a system begins to destabilize from within. This article adopts a modern interpretive angle, reading “virtue” as a form of “structural restraint”: what a system ultimately preserves depends on which boundaries it refuses to cross. From disrupted rhythm, to drained energy, to fractured relationships, these three fault lines form a survival framework that the Chu world left behind. Two millennia later, the warnings remain sharp—because the ways humans sabotage their own systems have hardly changed.