《楚国的”建国大纲”与”公务员手册”｜上博简〈天子建州〉〈从政〉》
本篇文章以上博简《天子建州》《从政》为中心，对楚国政治思想中的“体用合一”治理结构进行系统性分析。《天子建州》展现了楚国王权秩序的顶层设计，可视为早期的“建国大纲”；《从政》则呈现从政者的品德规范与用人法度，具有“公务员手册”的性质。文章透过简文对“礼”“文德与武德”“五德”“言行一致”“君子与小人”的讨论，将先秦政治哲学与现代治理困境进行互文式对读，指出形式主义、信任危机、干部能力落差等现代问题的根源。本文试图透过两篇楚简重新思考制度与人的关系，提出技术理性与价值理性的双轨整合，是良好治理的关键。 This article examines the governance philosophy embedded in the Shanghai Museum Chu Bamboo Slips Tianzi Jianzhou (“The King Establishes the Domains”) and Congzheng (“On Serving in Office”). Tianzi Jianzhou outlines the constitutional blueprint of political order—analogous to an early “founding charter”—while Congzheng articulates the ethical standards and behavioral norms of officials, functioning as a “civil service manual.” Through a close reading of key concepts such as ritual authenticity, the balance between civil and martial governance, the Five Virtues of officials, integrity in action and speech, and the contrast between the gentleman and the petty man, this article places ancient Chu political thought in dialogue with contemporary governance challenges, including formalism, trust deficits, and competence gaps in public administration. It argues that effective governance requires the integration of institutional design (“ti,” the body) and human conduct (“yong,” the use), as well as a balance between technical rationality and value rationality.