Autor: 黃甯 (Ning Huang)

本文以清华简〈祝辞〉与〈赤鹄之集汤之屋〉为核心文本，探讨楚人在面对自然现象、身体事件与空间失序时，如何通过“仪式锚点”与“叙事重构”两种方式，重新建立可理解的秩序。〈祝辞〉将语言、动作与象征物结合，形成一种稳定场域的程序化框架，使人与环境之间的关系得以被重新定位；〈赤鹄〉则通过神话叙事与因果辨析，揭示如何在结构失衡处重新定义界线与规则。两篇文献共同展现楚人理解世界、排列因果、调和失序的独特方式，为认识楚人的秩序观与思维路径提供关键入口。本文基于出土材料与学术研究，尝试复原这套古老的“秩序生成逻辑”，并讨论其在今日重新被看见的意义。This essay examines Zhu Ci and Chi Hu zhi Ji Tang zhi Wu from the Tsinghua bamboo manuscripts to explore how the Chu people navigated natural forces, bodily afflictions, and spatial imbalance through two complementary modes: ritual anchoring and narrative reconstruction. Zhu Ci integrates language, gesture, and symbolic objects to create a stable field of interaction in which the relationship between humans and their environment can be re-aligned. Chi Hu employs mythic narrative and causal interpretation to reestablish boundaries and rules wherever structural disorder appears. Together, these texts reveal a distinct Chu method of generating and restoring order within an unpredictable world, offering an essential entry point into early Chinese conceptions of sequence, causality, and coherence. Grounded in excavated manuscripts and current scholarship, this essay reconstructs the underlying logic of this ancient “order-making” system and considers its renewed significance today.

本篇文章依据《上博简 ·王居· 志书乃言·命》三篇的最新学术缀合成果，重构了一场发生在楚国宫廷的“组织信任危机”。从彭徒返自鄩关的复命受阻、观无畏持书诋毁、邦人群情激愤，到楚王的作色训诫、自省片段、令尹子春的调停，以及最终任命彭徒为洛卜尹，本篇以清晰的故事链呈现楚王如何在沉默、流言与民意之间，做出一位领导者的关键抉择。文章以楚国政治语境为基底，穿插现代组织管理语言，对“忠诚”“谗言”“程序”“声誉”“领导者盲区”进行双重解析。《王居／志书乃言／命》所展现的，不是宫廷八卦，而是一位君王的学习曲线：他迟疑、被蒙蔽、自省，最终在舆论风暴中重新找回秩序。这是楚国的真实现场，也是现代每一个组织都会反复上演的治理课。This article reconstructs a complete political incident in the Kingdom of Chu based on the newly affirmed textual sequence of Shanghai Museum Bamboo Slips: Wang Ju, Zhi Shu Nai Yan, and Ming. What appears fragmented in three separate texts is now read as a single story: a crisis of trust within the Chu court. From Minister Pengtú returning from the frontier and being met with silence, to Guan Wuwei submitting a written denunciation, to public discontent among the bangren, and finally the king’s rebuke, self-reflection, the intervention of Prime Minister Lingyin Zichun, and the appointment of Pengtú as Luobo-yin, this article traces a clear narrative chain that reveals how a leader grapples with silence, slander, public opinion, and responsibility. Drawing on Chu-era political language while weaving in modern organizational insights, the article examines loyalty, manipulation, procedure, and the blind spots of leadership. What these slips present is not court gossip but a leadership-learning cycle: hesitation, misjudgment, awakening, and finally a return to order. A story from 2,400 years ago—yet one that still mirrors the dynamics of leadership in today’s organizations.

《恒先》是楚文明最深邃的宇宙论文本，追问“时间开始之前，世界是什么”。从“恒先无有”的太初之境，到“炁是自生”的第一动力，再到“名出于言、事出于名”的生成链，楚人以朴、静、虚重构世界的起源逻辑。这篇文章从简文出发，探讨“无”如何孕育“有”，宇宙为何能自我生成，以及楚文明如何以“复其常”的法则理解存在。“Hengxian” is one of the most profound philosophical texts of the ancient Chu civilization, asking a rare question: What existed before time began? From the primordial statement “Before all, there was no-being (wu)” to the self-generating force “qi arises from itself,” and the logical chain “names arise from words, and affairs arise from names,” this article explores how the Chu thinkers envisioned the cosmos emerging from formlessness. It reconstructs the Chu view of creation, self-generation, and the eternal return to constancy—revealing a unique cosmology of “creation from the void.”

这篇文章从上博简〈鬼神之明〉出发，把鬼神“赏善罚恶”的传统观念，直接翻译成一套战国版 KPI 绩效考核：先用尧舜禹汤、桀纣幽厉等达标案例，证明“系统曾经明亮”；再用伍子胥被鸱夷而死、荣夷公长年善终等异常样本，指出“善者或不赏，暴者或不罚”的致命偏差。这份竹简材料也显示，楚国的知识精英具备与儒家、法家同等级的冷峻理性，他们能以案例、逻辑与证据对核心信仰做系统性反思。《鬼神之明》与屈原式的飞天传统相互映照，让楚文明呈现出既敢想象、又能落地的双重结构。全篇论证最终停在楚人的那句冷静判断——“鬼神有所明，有所不明”：当外部系统不可靠，人必须学会为自己的善恶与选择负责。This article reinterprets the Shanghai Museum Chu slip Gui Shen by translating the ancient belief in “rewarding the good and punishing the wicked” into a Warring States–era KPI performance audit. It uses Yao, Shun, Yu, and Tang versus Jie, Zhou, You, and Li as functional cases to show moments when the system seemed coherent, then highlights anomalies such as Wu Zixu’s tragic death and Rong Yigong’s peaceful end to expose the deviation where the worthy may not be rewarded and the wicked may not be punished. The manuscript shows that Chu intellectuals possessed a critical rationality comparable to Confucian and Legalist thinkers, able to analyze cases and scrutinize core beliefs. Gui Shen mirrors Qu Yuan’s soaring imagination while grounding it with analytic clarity, revealing a civilization capable of both imagining the heavens and auditing them. The argument converges on the sober Chu judgment that “ghosts and spirits are sometimes clear, sometimes not”; when external systems prove unreliable, one must assume responsibility for one’s own choices, virtues, and outcomes.

《上博简〈三德〉》并不提供抽象的哲学，而是一份来自楚国的风险提示书，记录一个体系在走向崩溃前最容易出现的三种失稳方式。本文采用一种更贴近现代读者的视角，将“德”理解为系统的“守住能力”：一个组织最终能保住什么，往往取决于它不越界什么。从节奏错乱、能量透支，到关系断裂，这三条底线构成了楚文明留给后世的生存框架。两千多年过去，这份手册仍然锋利，因为人类的自毁模式从未改变。Three Virtues is not a philosophical treatise but a risk alert from the state of Chu—a record of the three patterns through which a system begins to destabilize from within. This article adopts a modern interpretive angle, reading “virtue” as a form of “structural restraint”: what a system ultimately preserves depends on which boundaries it refuses to cross. From disrupted rhythm, to drained energy, to fractured relationships, these three fault lines form a survival framework that the Chu world left behind. Two millennia later, the warnings remain sharp—because the ways humans sabotage their own systems have hardly changed.